Sustainable Construction Practices in Tarkwa, Ghana: Adoption, Challenges, and Stakeholder Perspectives

The transition to sustainable construction is critical for reducing the environmental footprint of the building sector while supporting economic growth and social well-being. In Ghana, and particularly in Tarkwa, a mining town where construction plays a central role in infrastructure and employment, the adoption of sustainable construction practices remains limited. While global studies highlight both barriers and drivers, little is known about how stakeholders in smaller, resource-dependent towns perceive, adopt, and experience green construction practices. This study investigated stakeholder adoption of sustainable construction practices in Tarkwa, focusing on awareness, motivations, perceived benefits, barriers, and recommendations for strengthening adoption in line with Sustainable Development Goal Nine (SDG 9). The study used structured questionnaires, drawing on 226 survey responses and qualitative interviews with construction stakeholders. The analysis considered demographic and organizational variables alongside stakeholder perceptions. Findings indicated a gradual uptake of sustainable practices, motivated by environmental responsibility, cost savings, and enhanced reputation. However, high initial costs, limited technical knowledge, and weak regulatory frameworks hinder wider implementation. Stakeholders also reported benefits such as improved efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and greater competitiveness. The study underscores the need for government incentives, technical training, and public–private collaboration to accelerate adoption. By focusing on Tarkwa, it provides context-specific insights for Ghana while demonstrating how localized adoption can contribute to broader sustainability goals, including SDG 9.